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Babies are born with only red bone marrow over time this is replaced by yellow marrow due to a decrease in erythropoietin, the hormone responsible for stimulating the production of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the bone marrow. They are essential in maintaining homoeostasis of minerals in the blood with minerals stored in the bone are released in response to the body’s demands, with levels maintained and regulated by hormones, such as parathyroid hormone.īlood cells are formed from haemopoietic stem cells present in red bone marrow. Mineral homoeostasisĪs the main reservoirs for minerals in the body, bones contain approximately 99% of the body’s calcium, 85% of its phosphate and 50% of its magnesium (Bartl and Bartl, 2017). ![]() Protectionīones provide protective boundaries for soft organs: the cranium around the brain, the vertebral column surrounding the spinal cord, the ribcage containing the heart and lungs, and the pelvis protecting the urogenital organs. The bones act as levers, while the muscles generate the forces responsible for moving the bones. Appendicular skeleton – appendages, such as the upper and lower limbs, pelvic girdle and shoulder girdle.Īs well as contributing to the body’s overall shape, the skeletal system has several key functions, including:īones are a site of attachment for ligaments and tendons, providing a skeletal framework that can produce movement through the coordinated use of levers, muscles, tendons and ligaments.Axial skeleton – bones along the axis of the body, including the skull, vertebral column and ribcage.The skeletal system is composed of bones and cartilage connected by ligaments to form a framework for the rest of the body tissues. #Anatomy and physiology tortora ch 7 quizlet pdf
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